MVME2400通用電氣卡件
與表面處理和FRP系統(tǒng)適當(dāng)終止相關(guān)的步驟對于達(dá)到本文件中程序預(yù)測的強(qiáng)度水平至關(guān)重要。已經(jīng)對錨固FRP加固系統(tǒng)的各種方法進(jìn)行了研究，例如U形包裹、機(jī)械緊固件、纖維錨和U形錨。由于目前沒有可用的錨固設(shè)計(jì)指南，任何錨固系統(tǒng)的性能都應(yīng)通過具有代表性的物理測試來證實(shí)，包括特定錨固系統(tǒng)、安裝程序、表面處理和預(yù)期環(huán)境條件。本文件中給出的設(shè)計(jì)公式是主要對正常重量混凝土制成的中等尺寸和比例構(gòu)件進(jìn)行研究的結(jié)果。對于涉及加固超大或輕質(zhì)混凝土構(gòu)件的應(yīng)用，或在結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件（如深梁、牛腿和搭接梁端）的擾動區(qū)域（D區(qū)域）進(jìn)行加固的應(yīng)用，應(yīng)予以注意。如有必要，本文給出了構(gòu)件尺寸和應(yīng)力狀態(tài)的具體限制。本指南僅適用于用作附加抗拉鋼筋的FRP加固系統(tǒng)。這些系統(tǒng)不應(yīng)用作抗壓鋼筋。雖然FRP材料可以承受壓縮應(yīng)力，但使用FRP進(jìn)行壓縮存在許多問題。如果層壓板中存在任何樹脂空隙，則會發(fā)生纖維的微屈曲。如果沒有正確地粘附或錨固到基材上，層壓板本身可能會彎曲，并且由于現(xiàn)場纖維的錯位導(dǎo)致抗壓強(qiáng)度非常不可靠。
本文件未涉及為此目的使用材料所涉及的施工、質(zhì)量控制和維護(hù)問題，也未涉及此類應(yīng)用的設(shè)計(jì)問題。本文件未具體說明砌體（混凝土砌塊、磚或粘土磚）施工，包括砌體墻。ACI 440.7R中提供了使用FRP修復(fù)未加固砌體的信息。1.2.1應(yīng)用和使用FRP系統(tǒng)可用于修復(fù)或恢復(fù)受損結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度美國混凝土協(xié)會–版權(quán)所有?材料–www.Concrete。org《用于加固混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的外部粘結(jié)FRP系統(tǒng)》（ACI 440.2R-17）5構(gòu)件，改造或加固完好的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件，以抵抗因結(jié)構(gòu)使用變化而增加的荷載，或解決設(shè)計(jì)或施工錯誤。在選擇FRP系統(tǒng)類型之前，持證設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)人員應(yīng)確定FRP系統(tǒng)是否是合適的加固技術(shù)。為了評估FRP系統(tǒng)對特定應(yīng)用的適用性，持證設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)人員應(yīng)對現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行狀況評估，包括確定其現(xiàn)有承載能力、識別缺陷及其原因，以及確定混凝土基底的狀況。總體評估應(yīng)包括徹底的現(xiàn)場檢查、對現(xiàn)有設(shè)計(jì)或竣工文件的審查以及符合ACI 364.1R的結(jié)構(gòu)分析。應(yīng)審查結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)有施工文件，包括設(shè)計(jì)圖紙、項(xiàng)目規(guī)范、竣工信息、現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)報(bào)告、以往維修文件和維護(hù)歷史文件。
Steps related to surface preparation and proper termination of the FRP system are critical to achieving the strength levels predicted by the procedures in this document. Various methods of anchoring FRP strengthening systems have been studied, such as U-wrap, mechanical fasteners, fiber anchors, and U-anchors. Since no anchorage design guidelines are currently available, the performance of any anchorage system should be verified by representative physical tests, including specific anchorage systems, installation procedures, surface treatments, and anticipated environmental conditions. The design formulas given in this document are the results of a study mainly on medium size and scale members made of normal weight concrete. Attention should be paid to applications involving the reinforcement of oversized or lightweight concrete members, or the reinforcement of disturbed areas (area D) of structural members (such as deep beams, corbels and overlapping beam ends). If necessary, this paper gives the specific limits of member size and stress state. This guideline applies only to FRP strengthening systems used as additional tensile reinforcement. These systems shall not be used as compression reinforcement. Although FRP materials can withstand compression stress, there are many problems in using FRP for compression. If there are any resin voids in the laminate, micro buckling of the fibers will occur. If it is not properly adhered or anchored to the substrate, the laminate itself may bend and the compressive strength is very unreliable due to the dislocation of fibers in the field.
This document does not address construction, quality control and maintenance issues associated with the use of materials for this purpose, nor does it address design issues for such applications. This document does not specify the construction of masonry (concrete blocks, bricks or clay bricks), including masonry walls. ACI 440.7R provides information on the use of FRP to repair unreinforced masonry. 1.2.1 The application and use of FRP systems can be used to repair or restore the strength of damaged structures American Concrete Institute - All rights reserved ? Materials – www Concrete。 Org External Bonded FRP System for Strengthening Concrete Structures (ACI 440.2R-17) 5. Structural members that are modified or strengthened in good condition to resist the increased load due to structural use changes, or to solve design or construction errors. Before selecting the type of FRP system, the licensed design professional should determine whether the FRP system is an appropriate reinforcement technology. In order to assess the suitability of the FRP system for a particular application, a licensed design professional should conduct a condition assessment of the existing structure, including determining its existing bearing capacity, identifying defects and their causes, and determining the condition of the concrete substrate. The overall assessment shall include a thorough site inspection, a review of existing design or as built documentation, and a structural analysis in accordance with ACI 364.1R. The existing construction documents of the structure, including design drawings, project specifications, as built information, field test reports, past maintenance documents and maintenance history documents, shall be reviewed.
