HIMA H4137模塊備件,工控模塊
I如果例如相位A丟失，相位A將讀取零，而相位B和C都將讀取相位C的大小，相位A將與相位C異相180°，矢量相加將在相位B處等于零。808701A1.CDR 1 C A B 1.73 1 B A C 2相CT電流2相CT電壓180°異相GE Multilin 469電機(jī)管理繼電器A-3附錄A A.2冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)A A.2冷時(shí)間常數(shù)A.2.1冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)的選擇熱極限不是黑白科學(xué)設(shè)置保護(hù)繼電器熱模型是一門(mén)藝術(shù)。熱極限的定義對(duì)不同的制造商來(lái)說(shuō)意味著不同的事情，而且通常情況下，信息是不可用的。因此，重要的是要記住電機(jī)保護(hù)熱建模的目標(biāo)是：在不影響電機(jī)正常和預(yù)期運(yùn)行條件的情況下熱保護(hù)電機(jī)（轉(zhuǎn)子和定子）。469熱模型提供了集成的轉(zhuǎn)子和定子加熱保護(hù)。如果冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)與電機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)一起提供，則應(yīng)使用它們。由于轉(zhuǎn)子和定子加熱和冷卻集成在一個(gè)模型中，因此使用較長(zhǎng)的冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)（轉(zhuǎn)子或定子）。但是，如果沒(méi)有提供冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)，則必須確定設(shè)置。在確定冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)設(shè)置之前，應(yīng)考慮電機(jī)的占空比。如果電機(jī)通常在沒(méi)有過(guò)載負(fù)荷要求的情況下啟動(dòng)并連續(xù)運(yùn)行很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，則冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)可能很大。這將使熱模型變得保守。如果電機(jī)的正常占空比涉及頻繁啟動(dòng)和停止，且具有周期性過(guò)載占空比要求，則冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)需要更短，更接近電機(jī)的實(shí)際熱極限。通常情況下，電機(jī)在啟動(dòng)過(guò)程中受到轉(zhuǎn)子限制。因此，定子中的RTD不能提供確定冷卻時(shí)間的最佳方法。運(yùn)行和停止冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)的合理設(shè)置的確定可以按優(yōu)先順序列出的以下方式之一完成。電機(jī)運(yùn)行和停止冷卻時(shí)間或常數(shù)可在電機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)表上提供，或由制造商提供（如有要求）。記住，冷卻是指數(shù)的，時(shí)間常數(shù)是從100%熱容量到0%的總時(shí)間的五分之一。嘗試根據(jù)電機(jī)上的可用數(shù)據(jù)確定保守值。有關(guān)詳細(xì)信息，請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)以下示例。如果沒(méi)有可用的數(shù)據(jù)，則必須進(jìn)行有根據(jù)的猜測(cè)。也許可以從具有類(lèi)似尺寸或用途的其他電機(jī)估算電機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)。注意，在更好地理解電機(jī)要求之前，保守保護(hù)最好作為首選。請(qǐng)記住，目標(biāo)是在不妨礙所需工作負(fù)載的情況下保護(hù)電機(jī)。A、 2.2示例電機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)表表明，允許的啟動(dòng)順序?yàn)?冷或1熱，之后必須等待5小時(shí)才能?chē)L試再次啟動(dòng)。?這意味著在正常啟動(dòng)條件下，電機(jī)使用的熱容量介于34%和50%之間。因此，允許連續(xù)啟動(dòng)兩次，但不能連續(xù)啟動(dòng)三次。?如果熱/冷曲線或熱/冷安全失速比不可用，則將0.5（1熱/2冷啟動(dòng)）編程為熱/冷比。?編程啟動(dòng)抑制“開(kāi)啟”可在62.5%（50×1.25）熱容量可用時(shí)立即重啟。?在2次冷啟動(dòng)或1次熱啟動(dòng)后，將使用接近100%的熱容量。使用的熱容量呈指數(shù)衰減（參見(jiàn)第4–39頁(yè)的第e節(jié)：電機(jī)冷卻）。在1個(gè)時(shí)間常數(shù)后，僅使用37%的熱容量，這意味著有足夠的熱容量用于另一次啟動(dòng)。編程300分鐘（5小時(shí)）作為停止冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)。因此，在2次冷啟動(dòng)或1次熱啟動(dòng)后，停止的電機(jī)將被阻止啟動(dòng)5小時(shí)。?由于電機(jī)運(yùn)行時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子冷卻速度更快，因此運(yùn)行冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)的合理設(shè)置可能是停止冷卻時(shí)間常數(shù)或150分鐘的一半。A-4 469電機(jī)管理繼電器GE Multilin A.3電流互感器附錄A A.3電流變換器A.3.1接地故障CTS FOR 50:0.025 A CT CT CT應(yīng)使用專(zhuān)門(mén)設(shè)計(jì)用于匹配GE Multilin電機(jī)保護(hù)繼電器接地故障輸入的CT CT，以確保正確的性能。這些CT具有50:0.025A（2000:1的比率），能夠以最小的誤差感測(cè)繼電器設(shè)置范圍內(nèi)的低泄漏電流。有三種尺寸可用于直徑為3?”、5?”或8”的窗口。808710A1.CDR HGF3/HGF5尺寸HGF8尺寸GE Multilin 469電機(jī)管理繼電器A-5附錄A A.3電流互感器A A.3.2 5 A二次CT的接地故障CTS對(duì)于低電阻或牢固接地系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)使用5 A二級(jí)CT。有兩種尺寸可供選擇
f for example phase A was lost, phase A would read zero while phases B and C would both read the magnitude of phase C. If on the other hand, phase B was lost, at the supply, phase A would be 180° out-of-phase with phase C and the vector addition would equal zero at phase B. 808701A1.CDR 1 C A B 1.73 1 B A C 2-PHASE CT CURRENTS 2-PHASE CT CURRENTS 180° OUT-OF-PHASE GE Multilin 469 Motor Management Relay A-3 APPENDIX A A.2 COOL TIME CONSTANTS A A.2 COOL TIME CONSTANTS A.2.1 SELECTION OF COOL TIME CONSTANTS Thermal limits are not a black and white science and there is some art to setting a protective relay thermal model. The definition of thermal limits mean different things to different manufacturers and quite often, information is not available. Therefore, it is important to remember what the goal of the motor protection thermal modeling is: to thermally protect the motor (rotor and stator) without impeding the normal and expected operating conditions that the motor will be subject to. The 469 thermal model provides integrated rotor and stator heating protection. If cooling time constants are supplied with the motor data they should be used. Since the rotor and stator heating and cooling is integrated into a single model, use the longer of the cooling time constants (rotor or stator). If however, no cooling time constants are provided, settings will have to be determined. Before determining the cool time constant settings, the duty cycle of the motor should be considered. If the motor is typically started up and run continuously for very long periods of time with no overload duty requirements, the cooling time constants can be large. This would make the thermal model conservative. If the normal duty cycle of the motor involves frequent starts and stops with a periodic overload duty requirement, the cooling time constants will need to be shorter and closer to the actual thermal limit of the motor. Normally motors are rotor limited during starting. Thus RTDs in the stator do not provide the best method of determining cool times. Determination of reasonable settings for the running and stopped cool time constants can be accomplished in one of the following manners listed in order of preference. The motor running and stopped cool times or constants may be provided on the motor data sheets or by the manufacturer if requested. Remember that the cooling is exponential and the time constants are one fifth the total time to go from 100% thermal capacity used to 0%. Attempt to determine a conservative value from available data on the motor. See the following example for details. If no data is available an educated guess must be made. Perhaps the motor data could be estimated from other motors of a similar size or use. Note that conservative protection is better as a first choice until a better understanding of the motor requirements is developed. Remember that the goal is to protect the motor without impeding the operating duty that is desired. A.2.2 EXAMPLE Motor data sheets state that the starting sequence allowed is 2 cold or 1 hot after which you must wait 5 hours before attempting another start. ? This implies that under a normal start condition the motor is using between 34 and 50% thermal capacity. Hence, two consecutive starts are allowed, but not three. ? If the hot and cold curves or a hot/cold safe stall ratio are not available program 0.5 (1 hot / 2 cold starts) in as the hot/ cold ratio. ? Programming Start Inhibit ‘On’ makes a restart possible as soon as 62.5% (50 × 1.25) thermal capacity is available. ? After 2 cold or 1 hot start, close to 100% thermal capacity will be used. Thermal capacity used decays exponentially (see Section e): Motor Cooling on page 4–39 for calculation). There will be only 37% thermal capacity used after 1 time constant which means there is enough thermal capacity available for another start. Program 300 minutes (5 hours) as the stopped cool time constant. Thus after 2 cold or 1 hot start, a stopped motor will be blocked from starting for 5 hours. ? Since the rotor cools faster when the motor is running, a reasonable setting for the running cool time constant might be half the stopped cool time constant or 150 minutes. A-4 469 Motor Management Relay GE Multilin A.3 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS APPENDIX A A A.3 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS A.3.1 GROUND FAULT CTS FOR 50:0.025 A CT CTs that are specially designed to match the ground fault input of GE Multilin motor protection relays should be used to ensure correct performance. These CTs have a 50:0.025A (2000:1 ratio) and can sense low leakage currents over the relay setting range with minimum error. Three sizes are available with 3?", 5?", or 8" diameter windows. 808710A1.CDR HGF3 / HGF5 DIMENSIONS HGF8 DIMENSIONS GE Multilin 469 Motor Management Relay A-5 APPENDIX A A.3 CURRENT TRANSFORMERS A A.3.2 GROUND FAULT CTS FOR 5 A SECONDARY CT For low resistance or solidly grounded systems, a 5 A secondary CT should be used. Two sizes are available
